When you think about the possibility of contracting a disease from a dog bite, your mind may turn first to rabies. However, because most pets receive rabies vaccinations, it is now actually fairly rare to contract it from a dog bite. A greater risk of disease from dog bites is a bacterial infection. Among the most serious of these is tetanus.
The bacteria that cause tetanus produce a toxic substance that causes muscle spasms and rigidity. These can be severe enough to interfere with respiratory function, potentially causing death. Fortunately, it is possible to vaccinate against the bacterial toxin that causes tetanus.
How many tetanus shots do you need?
According to the Mayo Clinic, most people receive a series of vaccinations against tetanus as children. In addition to tetanus, the vaccine also protects against whooping cough (also known as pertussis) and diphtheria. Children typically receive it once every two months for the first six months of life. The primary series then includes two more shots at approximately 18 months and then at four to six years.
After the primary series, doctors recommend that you receive a booster shot in early adolescence, approximately age 10 to 12. Every 10 years, you should receive a new booster shot to ensure full protection.
What else can you do to prevent tetanus?
You can reduce the risk of tetanus and other bacterial infections by performing appropriate first aid on the bite wound. This includes cleaning it with soap and warm water and applying antibiotic ointment. Even if the bite does not appear to be serious, it is still a good idea to have it evaluated by a physician as soon as possible.
